缅北强奸

Place heavier items at the top of the backpack and make sure the pack is line with the hip bones, experts say

Back(pack) to School: how much is too much?

Experts weigh in on how much children and youth can safely tote

Students are returning to class this week lugging backpacks filled with books and binders. But how much is too much to carry?

Debra Cameron, an assistant professor in the University of Toronto鈥檚 department of occupational science and occupational therapy, says the acceptable weight for a backpack depends on the child鈥檚 age and stage of growth. Younger children should carry no more than 10 per cent of their body weight, while older teenagers should carry no more than 15 per cent of their body weight.

There are other ways to know if your child is carrying too heavy a load.

鈥淚 think if it induces a person鈥檚 posture to change drastically, it鈥檚 too heavy,鈥 says Mark Erwin, an assistant professor in the divisions of neurological and orthopaedic surgery at 缅北强奸. 鈥淚f someone has red marks on their shoulders when they take their backpack off, or their arms or fingers fall asleep, it鈥檚 too heavy.  If you鈥檙e struggling to get the backpack on, or you鈥檙e leaning forward or you鈥檙e pulled off to one side, that鈥檚 clearly out of balance.鈥

The result could be back or neck pain and poor posture, says Erwin, who is also a scientist in the division of genetics and development at Toronto Western Research Institute.

鈥淎 heavy backpack can pull you backwards,鈥 he says. 鈥淎s a response, you may lean forward. This brings your torso forward and your head down. But to walk, you鈥檝e got to pull your head up to see where you are going. That results in extending your neck, and compressing the posterior part of your neck. And then, people tend to shrug their shoulders up to try and support the heavy backpack better.鈥

So, how do you pack smarter?

鈥淵ou want some of the heavier items to be carried closer to the top of the backpack because that keeps the weight closer to your body. If the heavy items are at the bottom, the backpack tends to swing out and be further away from your body,鈥 says Cameron. 鈥淵ou really want to balance weight over both shoulders to make sure you鈥檙e carrying the backpack the way the it was designed to be carried.鈥

Backpacks can vary greatly in size, and Cameron also says it鈥檚 a balance between finding one large enough without overwhelming the person wearing it. As well, the pack should be worn in line with the hip bones rather than being higher up the back or lower down on the buttocks.

Finally, says Erwin, 鈥淚t鈥檚 another reason why increasing the overall fitness of young people may help decrease problems.鈥

Erin Howe is a writer with the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Toronto.

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